Handrails, and top-rails used as handrails, must be at least 3 inches from other objects. May forklifts, front-end loaders, or similar equipment support platforms? When Scaffolding is Needed The very short answer is: when a risk assessment outlines it is necessary! A risk assessment is a legal requirement to carry out when employees are on a working at height project, but not legally required in personal projects, although you should take safety seriously and conduct one yourself. Employees shall be prohibited from working on scaffolds covered with snow, ice, or other slippery material except as necessary for removal of such materials. Debris shall not be allowed to accumulate on platforms. Sand, gravel and similar materials that can be easily dislocated shall not be used as counterweights. Our Office Location. Stairrail systems and handrails shall be surfaced to prevent injury to employees from punctures or lacerations, and to prevent snagging of clothing. Must be positioned so as not to tip the scaffold. [ 29 CFR 1926.451(a)(1) ] A qualified person must design the scaffolds, which are loaded in [29 CFR 1926.451(c)(2)(v)], Front-end loaders and similar equipment can support scaffold platforms only when they've been specifically designed by the manufacturer for such use. Direct access to or from another surface shall only be used when the scaffold is not more than 14 inches horizontally and 24 inches vertically from the other surface. Focus on Scaffolding The primary criteria used by the FSC to assess scaffolding work on site are contained within: WH 12 HIRAC FP 4 Management of Subcontractor WHS FP 6 Training arrangements H1 Working at heights The top edge height of toprails or equivalent member on supported scaffolds manufactured or placed in service after January 1, 2000 shall be installed between 38 inches (0.97 m) and 45 inches (1.2 m) above the platform surface. Must have uniform tread depth, within inch, for each flight of stairs. [29 CFR 1926.451(d)(6)] Also see, OSHA Standards and Interpretation Letter: 06/16/1999 - Scaffolds: Lifelines, support lines, and suspension ropes cannot have a common anchor point. When the loads specified in paragraph (g)(4)(vii) of this section are applied in a downward direction, the top edge shall not drop below the height above the platform surface that is prescribed in paragraph (g)(4)(ii) of this section. Before the scaffold is used, direct connections shall be evaluated by a competent person who shall confirm, based on the evaluation, that the supporting surfaces are capable of supporting the loads to be imposed. The scaffold is only acceptable as an anchorage point if it meets the strength requirements for an anchorage as defined above. Do employees working on supported scaffolds need to be trained? Evidence that the secondary brake has been activated during an overspeed condition and has engaged the suspension rope. Some jurisdictions also incorporate the requirements in voluntary standards, such as CSA S269.2-M87 Access What materials can be used to increase the working level height of employees on supported scaffolds? [29 CFR 1926.451(f)(13)], Each scaffold platform and walkway must be at least 18 inches (46 cm) wide, guardrails and/or personal fall arrest systems must be used. Each stairway must be at least 18 inches between stair rails. [29 CFR 1926.451(f)(14) and 29 CFR 1926.451(f)(15)], Employers must provide access when the scaffold platforms are more than 2 feet (0.6 m) above or below a point of access. Tread depth shall be uniform, within 1/4 inch, for each flight of stairs. The scaffold needs to be secure and otherwise not tip when climbing whatever the form of access. When midrails, screens, mesh, intermediate vertical members, solid panels, or equivalent structural members are used, they shall be installed between the top edge of the guardrail system and the scaffold platform. Must have rest platforms at 35-foot maximum intervals on all supported scaffolds more than 35 feet high. A personal fall-arrest system is a system used to arrest an employee in a fall from a working level. When erecting or dismantling tubular welded frame scaffolds, (end) frames, with horizontal members that are parallel, level and are not more than 22 inches apart vertically may be used as climbing devices for access, provided they are erected in a manner that creates a usable ladder and provides good hand hold and foot space. Outrigger beams shall be placed perpendicular to its bearing support (usually the face of the building or structure). Personal fall arrest systems can be used on scaffolding when there are no guardrail systems. [29 CFR 1926.451(d)(6)], Gears and brakes must be enclosed. In addition, employees must wear hard hats. Have a maximum spacing between rungs of 16 3/4 inches (43 cm). Scaffolds (Staging). Webdigital library an online access to it is set as public so you can download it instantly. Have slip-resistant treads on all steps and landings. WebPublic Access Stair Towers | Pedestrian Access Stairs | Temporary ADA Ramp. Scaffold If you need to move around your project then mobility will be your main concern. [29 CFR 1926.451(f)(8)], The standard does require specific clearance distances. Guardrail height. Scaffold components made of dissimilar metals shall not be used together unless a competent person has determined that galvanic action will not reduce the strength of any component to a level below that required by paragraph (a)(1) of this section. [, Guardrails, a personal fall-arrest system, or both must protect each employee more than 10 feet (3.1 m) above a lower level from falling. Canopies, when used for falling object protection, shall comply with the following criteria: Canopies shall be installed between the falling object hazard and the employees. [29 CFR 1926.451(d)(16)], Manually operated hoists used to raise or lower a suspended scaffold must be tested an listed by a qualified testing laboratory. a grounding conductor is connected from the scaffold to the structure and is at least the size of the welding lead. Riser height shall be uniform, within 1/4 inch, (0.6 cm) for each flight of stairs. This determination shall be based on site conditions and the type of scaffold being erected or dismantled. The toprail of each stairrail system shall also be capable of serving as a handrail, unless a separate handrail is provided. When vertical lifelines are used, they shall be fastened to a fixed safe point of anchorage, shall be independent of the scaffold, and shall be protected from sharp edges and abrasion. Except as provided in paragraphs (b)(2)(i) and (b)(2)(ii) of this section, each scaffold platform and walkway shall be at least 18 inches (46 cm) wide. Must be specifically designed and constructed for use as ladder rungs. Each end of a platform 10 feet or less in length shall not extend over its support more than 12 inches (30 cm) unless the platform is designed and installed so that the cantilevered portion of the platform is able to support employees and/or materials without tipping, or has guardrails which block employee access to the cantilevered end. Flowable material, such as sand or water, cannot be used. Any part of a scaffold damaged or weakened such that its strength is less than that required by paragraph (a) of this section shall be immediately repaired or replaced, braced to meet those provisions, or removed from service until repaired. The employer shall have a competent person determine whether it is feasible or would pose a greater hazard to provide, and have employees use a safe means of access. When midrails are used, they shall be installed at a height approximately midway between the top edge of the guardrail system and the platform surface. In these situations, only the planking that the employer establishes is necessary to provide safe working conditions is required. The 10 OSHA scaffolding requirements are as follows: Fall Protection Employees more than ten feet off the ground need to be protected using guardrails or other fall arrest systemsexcept for employees on single or two-point adjustable suspension scaffolds. This is fine for most residential work, but if your next build is a commercial project you may find it wont create a high enough working platform. WebWhen scaffold platforms are more than 2 feet (0.6 m) above or below a point of access, portable ladders, hook-on ladders, attachable ladders, stair towers (scaffold The ends of all rails shall not overhang the terminal posts except when such overhang does not constitute a projection hazard to employees. Must have a slope of no more than 1 vertical to 3 horizontal degrees (20 degrees above the horizontal). The stall load of any scaffold hoist shall not exceed 3 times its rated load. When screens and mesh are used, they shall extend from the top edge of the guardrail system to the scaffold platform, and along the entire opening between the supports. WebEach scaffolding access ladder section, whether 6ft or 3ft requires a ladder bracket. The top edge height on supported scaffolds manufactured and placed in service before January 1, 2000, and on all suspended scaffolds where both a guardrail and a personal fall arrest system are required shall be between 36 inches (0.9 m) and 45 inches (1.2 m). Web(1) When scaffold platforms are more than 2 feet (0.6 m) above or below a point of access, portable ladders, hook-on ladders, attachable ladders, stair towers (scaffold stairways/towers), stairway-type ladders (such as ladder stands), ramps, walkways, integral prefabricated scaffold access, or direct access from another scaffold, structure, However, OSHA permits direct access from another scaffold, structure, or personnel hoist. The harness is worn over Such activities shall be performed only by experienced and trained employees selected for such work by the competent person. Stairways shall be installed between 40 degrees and 60 degrees from the horizontal. [29 CFR 1926.452(y)], NOTE: A large area scaffold consists of a pole, tube, and coupler systems, or a fabricated frame scaffold erected over substantially the entire work area. Our books collection saves in multiple locations, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. What exactly is sufficient clear space? [29 CFR 1926.451(a)(1)], Solid sawn wood, fabricated planks, and fabricated platforms may be used as scaffold planks following the recommendations by the manufacturer or a lumber grading association or inspection agency. [29 CFR 1926.451(g)(1)], A competent person must determine the feasibility and safety of providing fall protection for employees erecting or dismantling supported scaffolds. [29 CFR 1926.451(g)(1)(i)], Use fall-arrest systems also when working from the boom/basket of an aerial lift. Hook-on or attachable ladders shall be installed as soon as scaffold erection has progressed to a point that permits safe installation and use. WebScaffolding, also called scaffold or staging, is a temporary structure used to support a work crew and materials to aid in the construction, maintenance and repair of buildings, bridges and all other man-made structures.Scaffolds are widely used on site to get access to heights and areas that would be otherwise hard to get to. [, When lanyards are connected to horizontal lifelines or structural members on single-point or two-point adjustable scaffolds, the scaffold must have additional independent support lines equal in number and strength to the suspension lines and have automatic locking devices. Web5.3.10 Access tower shall be provided at every 30-meter distance for suspended scaffold. WebAccess: Scaffolds must have an acceptable form of access (e.g., ladders, stair towers, ramps, or walkways) if the platform is more than 2 feet above or below and/or 14 inches to the right or left of the point of access. Stairtowers (scaffold stairway/towers) shall be positioned such that their bottom step is not more than 24 inches (61 cm.) When intermediate members (such as balusters or additional rails) are used, they shall not be more than 19 inches (48 cm) apart. [29 CFR 1926.451(g)(3)(iii) and 29 CFR 1926.451(g)(3)(iv)], When working from an aerial lift, attach the fall-arrest system to the boom or basket. When winding drum hoists are used on a suspension scaffold, they shall contain not less than four wraps of the suspension rope at the lowest point of scaffold travel. Horizontally - at each end; at intervals not to exceed 30 feet (9.1 m) from one end. The second part is sufficient clearance. Construction materials such as, but not limited to, masonry units and rolls of roofing felt, shall not be used as counterweights. What are scaffold platform construction requirements? Gears and brakes of power-operated hoists used on suspension scaffolds shall be enclosed. Vertically - every 20 feet (6.1 m) or less for scaffolds less than 3 feet (0.91 m) wide; every 26 feet (7.9 m) or less for scaffolds more than 3 feet (0.91 m) wide. Suspension scaffold outrigger beams, when used, shall be made of structural metal or equivalent strength material, and shall be restrained to prevent movement. Zelienople, PA 16063. Each employee on a boatswains' chair, catenary scaffold, float scaffold, needle beam scaffold, or ladder jack scaffold shall be protected by a personal fall arrest system; Each employee on a single-point or two-point adjustable suspension scaffold shall be protected by both a personal fall arrest system and guardrail system; Each employee on a crawling board (chicken ladder) shall be protected by a personal fall arrest system, a guardrail system (with minimum 200 pound toprail capacity), or by a three-fourth inch (1.9 cm) diameter grabline or equivalent handhold securely fastened beside each crawling board; Each employee on a self-contained adjustable scaffold shall be protected by a guardrail system (with minimum 200 pound toprail capacity) when the platform is supported by the frame structure, and by both a personal fall arrest system and a guardrail system (with minimum 200 pound toprail capacity) when the platform is supported by ropes; Each employee on a walkway located within a scaffold shall be protected by a guardrail system (with minimum 200 pound toprail capacity) installed within 9 1/2 inches (24.1 cm) of and along at least one side of the walkway. Must have rest platforms at 12-foot maximum intervals. How will I know what kind of fall protection to provide for a specific-type of scaffold? When can personal fall-arrest systems be used when working on scaffolding and aerial lifts? Must have slip-resistant treads on all steps and landings. Must have uniform riser height, within inch, for each flight of stairs, except for the top and bottom steps of the. WebDetermines that each scaffold and scaffold component shall be capable of supporting, without failure, its own weight and at least 4 times the maximum intended load applied or Stair-rails must not be less than 28 inches nor more than 37 inches from the surface of the tread. When scaffold platforms are more than 2 feet (0.6 m) above or below a point of access, portable ladders, hook-on ladders, attachable ladders, stair towers (scaffold stairways/towers), stairway-type ladders (such as ladder stands), ramps, walkways, integral prefabricated scaffold access, or direct access from another scaffold, structure, personnel hoist, or similar surface shall be used. [29 CFR 1926.451(a)(5)], The stall load is the load at which the prime-mover (motor or engine) of a power-operated hoist stalls or the power to the prime-mover is automatically disconnected. Direct connections to roofs and floors, and counterweights used to balance adjustable suspension scaffolds, shall be capable of resisting at least 4 times the tipping moment imposed by the scaffold operating at the rated load of the hoist, or 1.5 (minimum) times the tipping moment imposed by the scaffold operating at the stall load of the hoist, whichever is greater. Unstable objects shall not be used as working platforms. Suspension ropes shall be shielded from heat-producing processes. [, Emergency escape and rescue devices must not be used as working platforms, unless designed to function as suspension scaffolds and emergency systems. Platforms may be coated periodically with wood preservatives, fire-retardant finishes, and slip-resistant finishes; however, the coating may not obscure the top or bottom wood surfaces. [29 CFR 1926.451(g)(3)(i)], No. Counterweights shall be made of non-flowable material. WebEach scaffold and scaffold component must support without failure its own weight and at least 4 times the maximum intended load applied or transmitted to it. Crossbracing is acceptable in place of a midrail when the crossing point of two braces is between 20 inches (0.5 m) and 30 inches (0.8 m) above the work platform or as a toprail when the crossing point of two braces is between 38 inches (0.97 m) and 48 inches (1.3 m) above the work platform. Direct access to or from another surface shall be used only when the scaffold is not more than 14 inches (36 cm) horizontally and not more than 24 inches (61 cm) vertically from the other surface. When do supported scaffolds need to be restrained from tipping? The standard prohibits using repaired wire. [29 CFR 1926.451(f)(1)] Load carrying timber members should be a minimum of 1,500 lb-f/in2 construction grade lumber. [29 CFR 1926.451(d)(3)(iv)], Vertical lifelines must not be fastened to counterweights. Personal fall-arrest systems include harnesses, components of the harness/belt such as D-rings, and snap hooks, lifelines, and anchorage points. WebNever alter a scaffold structure or extend it. The ladder frames lock into each other and then are attached to the scaffolding frames via the ladder brackets. Scaffolds and scaffold components shall be inspected for visible defects by a competent person before each work shift, and after any occurrence which could affect a scaffold's structural integrity. Scaffold components manufactured by different manufacturers shall not be intermixed unless the components fit together without force and the scaffold's structural integrity is maintained by the user. 29 CFR 1926 Subpart L Appendix A(1)(b) & (c). The training must include fall hazards, falling object hazards, electrical hazards, proper use of the scaffold, and handling of materials. Fall protection includes guardrail systems and personal fall arrest systems. 724-452-8300. Each platform greater than 10 feet in length shall not extend over its support more than 18 inches (46 cm), unless it is designed and installed so that the cantilevered portion of the platform is able to support employees without tipping, or has guardrails which block employee access to the cantilevered end. When conditions warrant, the height of the top edge may exceed the 45-inch height, provided the guardrail system meets all other criteria of paragraph (g)(4). Direct access is acceptable when the scaffold is not more than 14 inches (36 centimeters) horizontally and not more than 24 inches (61centimeters) vertically from the other surfaces. There is no minimum width requirement for boatswains' chairs. The first section of scaffold must have two ladder brackets and each subsequent section above needs one bracket. Where swinging loads are being hoisted onto or near scaffolds such that the loads might contact the scaffold, tag lines or equivalent measures to control the loads shall be used. [29 CFR 1926.451(f)(11)], Power-operated hoists used to raise or lower a suspended scaffold must be tested by a qualified testing laboratory. Platforms on supported scaffolds must be braced to prevent displacement and swaying. Ropes shall be inspected for defects by a competent person prior to each workshift and after every occurrence which could affect a rope's integrity. WebScaffolding, also called scaffold or staging, is a temporary structure used to support a work crew and materials to aid in the construction, maintenance and repair of buildings, bridges and all other man-made structures.Scaffolds are widely used on site to get access to heights and areas that would be otherwise hard to get to. If a ladder is used for access, it must be securely linked to the scaffold and rise at least 3 feet above the platform. In the general industry, the height requirement for scaffolding is 4 feet above a lower level. For construction work, the height requirement is 6 feet above a lower level. All workers 10 feet above a lower level must have fall protection. Thereof, what is the minimum height for working at height? The Work at Height Regulations 2005 protect [29 CFR 1926.451(d)(3)(iii)], Counterweights used for suspended scaffolds must be made of materials that can not be easily dislocated. [29 CFR 1926.453(b)(2)(v)]. When other types of hoists are used, the suspension ropes shall be long enough to allow the scaffold to be lowered to the level below without the rope end passing through the hoist, or the rope end shall be configured or provided with means to prevent the end from passing through the hoist. [, Employers must ensure that all employees are trained to recognize the hazards associated with the type of scaffold being used. Gasoline-powered equipment and hoists shall not be used on suspension scaffolds. A canopy structure, debris net, or catch platform strong enough to withstand the impact forces of the potential falling objects shall be erected over the employees below. The clearance between scaffolds and power lines shall be as follows: Scaffolds shall not be erected, used, dismantled, altered, or moved such that they or any conductive material handled on them might come closer to exposed and energized power lines than as follows: Exception to paragraph (f)(6): Scaffolds and materials may be closer to power lines than specified above where such clearance is necessary for performance of work, and only after the utility company, or electrical system operator, has been notified of the need to work closer and the utility company, or electrical system operator, has deenergized the lines, relocated the lines, or installed protective coverings to prevent accidental contact with the lines. [29 CFR 1926.453(b)(2)(v) and 29 CFR 1926.451(g)(3)], Vertical or horizontal lifelines may be used. [29 CFR 1926.451(d)(10)], Suspension ropes supporting adjustable suspension scaffolds must be a diameter large enough to provide sufficient surface area for the functioning of brake and hoist mechanisms. Must have a stair-rail, consisting of a top-rail and a mid-rail, on each side. When used on a supported scaffold more than 35 feet high, must have rest platforms at 35-foot maximum intervals. First, it's important to note that there are two strength requirements: 5,000 pounds per employee or maintaining a 2-to-1 safety factor. WebRequirements for Scaffolding Tower Use of Safety Harness Safe place and Safe person strategy You can read regulation of Trakhees, in detail. A safe point of access should be present during erection and dismantling operations. [29 CFR 1926.451(a)(6)] Scaffolds and scaffold components must not be loaded in excess of their maximum intended loads or rated capacities, whichever is less. insulated protective covers cover the hoist. 10 OSHA Scaffolding Requirements 1. [29 CFR 1926.451 (a) (1)] Each scaffold platform and walkway must be at least 18 inches (46 cm) wide, guardrails and/or personal fall arrest systems must be used. [29 CFR 1926.451(b)(2)], The standard requires employers to protect each employee on a scaffold more than 10 feet (3.1 m) above a lower level from falling to that lower level. A stairrail consisting of a toprail and a midrail shall be provided on each side of each scaffold stairway. Guys, ties, and braces shall be installed according to the scaffold manufacturer's recommendations or at the closest horizontal member to the 4:1 height and be repeated vertically at locations of horizontal members every 20 feet (6.1 m) or less thereafter for scaffolds 3 feet (0.91 m) wide or less, and every 26 feet (7.9 m) or less thereafter for scaffolds greater than 3 feet (0.91 m) wide. Uniform riser height shall be positioned such that their bottom step is not more than 24 inches 61! Used when working on scaffolding when there are two strength requirements for anchorage. Such activities shall be positioned so as not to exceed 30 feet 9.1..., unless a separate handrail is provided as counterweights minimum height for working at height access Towers. Flight of stairs gasoline-powered equipment and hoists shall not exceed 3 times its rated load establishes... Is a system used to arrest an employee in a fall from working... 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